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Occupational Health and Safety Information Sheet - Ross River Virus Disease

Information Sheet No. 20

Monash University is committed to providing employees and students with a healthy and safe environment for work and study. This information sheet provides advice to Monash University staff and students who may undertake field activities in areas where Ross River virus disease has previously been reported.

Ross River virus disease: What is it and how is it transmitted?

Ross River virus is the most common and widespread of the arboviruses that infect humans in Australia and can cause a self-limiting disease characterised by a flu-like illness with joint pains.

The disease is spread by certain types of mosquitoes and occurs when the female mosquito feeds on infected animals or people. The virus may then multiply within the mosquito and can be passed onto other animals/people when it feeds again. The virus is not spread directly from one person to another.

Ross river virus disease is found throughout Australia, particularly during the summer and autumn months when mosquito activity is at its height.

Symptoms of Ross River Virus Disease

It is important to note that many people who are infected with the virus will NOT develop any symptoms. Some people develop a " flu-like" illness with fever, chills, headaches and pains in joint and muscle. Some of these people will develop a rash (small red spots, often slightly raised) on the hands and feet but which may cover the whole body.

Diagnosis and Treatment

The diagnosis of Ross River virus disease is by a blood test. Although there is no specific treatment, symptomatic relief can be provided by rest and medication (not antibiotics). Many people will recover completely in a few weeks; others within 3 months and in rare cases, symptoms can last for more than a year.The symptoms can re-occur on and off over this period of time, but usually becoming less severe each time they recur.

Prevention of Ross River Virus Disease

The best way to prevent Ross River virus disease is to avoid contact with mosquitoes especially during the summer and autumn months when infections peak.

There are a number of actions that you can take:

  • Avoid being outside at dusk
  • When outside, wear loose fitting clothing covering arms, legs and preferably whole body
  • Avoid using perfumes and aftershave as these can attract mosquitoes
  • Sleep under pyrethrum-impregnated nets
  • Use a DEET containing insect repellant (except with children)
  • Use knock down spray in bedrooms or tents before going to sleep
  • Avoid camping near stagnant water

For confidential medical advice, contact the Occupational Health Nurse:

December 2002